The table below outlines KofaStudy’s JSS1 Basic Science First Term Scheme of Work.
It is aligned with the NERDC curriculum and covers the major topics taught in schools across Nigeria.
| Lesson | Topics Covered |
| 1. Introduction to Science | * Meaning and Branches of Science * Importance of Science * Career Opportunities in Science * Scientific Methods |
| 2. Human Development | * Puberty and Adolescence * Physical, Emotional and Social Changes During Puberty * Personal Hygiene * Menstruation and Menstrual Hygiene * Myths and Facts About Puberty Changes * Coping with Concerns During Adolescence |
| 3. Family Health | * Meaning of Health * Ways of Maintaining Good Health * Personal Cleanliness * Methods of Keeping the Home Clean * Advantages of Personal Hygiene * Factors That Lead to Low Levels of Personal Hygiene * Disadvantages of Poor Hygiene * Cleaning Agents |
| 4. Family Health (Sanitation) | * Meaning of Environmental Sanitation * Wastes, Refuse and Sewage * Methods of Disposing Wastes * Compost Making |
| 5. Family Health (Nutrition) | * Definition of Nutrition * Functions of Food * Types of Food * Classification of Foods * Roughages * Balanced Diet * Malnutrition * Deficiency Diseases |
| 6. Drug and Substance Abuse | * Meaning and Uses of Drugs * Drug Abuse and Substance Abuse * Effects of Drug Abuse |
| 7. Reproductive System | * Meaning of Reproduction and Reproductive System * Male Reproductive Organs and Their Functions * Female Reproductive Organs and Their Functions * Human Sex Cells (Sperm and Ovum) * Care of the Reproductive System |
| 8. Environmental Pollution | * Pollution * Air Pollution * Consequences and Control Measures of Air Pollution * Soil Pollution * Effects and Control of Soil Pollution * Water Pollution * Causes, Effects and Control of Water Pollution * Water Purification |
Lesson 1 — Introduction to Science:
Topics Covered:
- Meaning and Branches of Science
- Importance of Science
- Career Opportunities in Science
- Scientific Methods
Performance Objectives:
Students should be able to:
- define science and identify its main branches
- explain the importance of science in everyday life
- identify career opportunities in science
- describe the scientific method and its steps
Teacher Activities:
Teachers should:
- explain the meaning and branches of science with examples
- discuss the importance of science in everyday life
- guide students to identify science-related careers
- demonstrate simple steps of the scientific method
Student Activities:
Students should:
- give examples of science in daily life
- mention the main branches of science
- identify careers related to science
- participate in simple observation activities
Teaching & Learning Resources:
- science textbooks
- charts showing branches of science
- pictures of scientists and science careers
- simple science apparatus
- classroom visual aids
Evaluation Guide:
Students should be able to:
- define science correctly
- list the main branches of science
- state the importance of science
- identify science careers
- outline the steps of the scientific method
Lesson 2 — Human Development:
Topics Covered:
- Puberty and Adolescence
- Physical, Emotional and Social Changes During Puberty
- Personal Hygiene
- Menstruation and Menstrual Hygiene
- Myths and Facts About Puberty Changes
- Coping with Concerns During Adolescence
Performance Objectives:
Students should be able to:
- explain puberty and adolescence
- identify physical, emotional and social changes during puberty
- explain the importance of personal hygiene during adolescence
- describe menstrual hygiene in simple terms
- identify myths and facts about puberty changes
- explain healthy ways of coping with concerns during adolescence
Teacher Activities:
Teachers should:
- explain puberty and adolescence in age-appropriate language
- guide students to identify changes that occur during puberty
- discuss personal hygiene practices
- correct common myths about puberty
- encourage students to seek guidance from trusted adults
Student Activities:
Students should:
- list changes that occur during puberty
- discuss ways of maintaining personal hygiene
- identify facts and myths about puberty
- ask respectful questions about adolescent changes
Teaching & Learning Resources:
- Basic Science textbooks
- hygiene charts
- age-appropriate health diagrams
- classroom discussion cards
- teacher-guided examples
Evaluation Guide:
Students should be able to:
- define puberty and adolescence
- state changes that occur during puberty
- list ways of maintaining personal hygiene
- identify correct facts about puberty changes
Lesson 3 — Family Health:
Topics Covered:
- Meaning of Health
- Ways of Maintaining Good Health
- Personal Cleanliness
- Methods of Keeping the Home Clean
- Advantages of Personal Hygiene
- Factors That Lead to Low Levels of Personal Hygiene
- Disadvantages of Poor Hygiene
- Cleaning Agents
Performance Objectives:
Students should be able to:
- define health and hygiene
- state ways of maintaining good health
- explain the importance of personal cleanliness
- identify methods of keeping the home clean
- state the disadvantages of poor hygiene
- identify common cleaning agents
Teacher Activities:
Teachers should:
- explain the meaning of health and hygiene
- discuss ways of maintaining personal and home cleanliness
- show examples of cleaning agents
- guide students to identify poor hygiene habits
- explain the effects of poor hygiene on health
Student Activities:
Students should:
- mention ways of keeping the body clean
- identify cleaning agents used at home
- discuss ways of keeping the home clean
- list the advantages of personal hygiene
- state dangers of poor hygiene
Teaching & Learning Resources:
- hygiene charts
- soap and detergent samples
- cleaning tools
- pictures of clean and dirty environments
- Basic Science textbooks
Evaluation Guide:
Students should be able to:
- define health and hygiene
- state methods of maintaining good health
- list ways of keeping the home clean
- identify cleaning agents
- explain why poor hygiene is dangerous
Lesson 4 — Family Health (Sanitation):
Topics Covered:
- Meaning of Environmental Sanitation
- Wastes, Refuse and Sewage
- Methods of Disposing Wastes
- Compost Making
Performance Objectives:
Students should be able to:
- define environmental sanitation
- differentiate between refuse and sewage
- identify different methods of waste disposal
- explain the meaning and importance of compost making
- state materials that can and cannot be put in a compost pit
Teacher Activities:
Teachers should:
- explain environmental sanitation with examples
- show examples of refuse and sewage
- discuss safe methods of waste disposal
- guide students to identify biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes
- explain the process of compost making
Student Activities:
Students should:
- give examples of refuse and sewage
- identify proper ways of disposing waste
- sort waste materials into biodegradable and non-biodegradable groups
- describe how compost can be made
Teaching & Learning Resources:
- waste disposal charts
- pictures of refuse and sewage systems
- samples of biodegradable materials
- sanitation posters
- Basic Science textbooks
Evaluation Guide:
Students should be able to:
- define environmental sanitation
- explain refuse and sewage
- state methods of waste disposal
- describe compost making
Lesson 5 — Family Health (Nutrition):
Topics Covered:
- Definition of Nutrition
- Functions of Food
- Types of Food
- Classification of Foods
- Roughages
- Balanced Diet
- Malnutrition
- Deficiency Diseases
Performance Objectives:
Students should be able to:
- define nutrition and nutrients
- state the functions of food in the body
- identify different classes of food
- classify foods according to their functions
- explain balanced diet and malnutrition
- identify common deficiency diseases and their causes
Teacher Activities:
Teachers should:
- explain the meaning of nutrition and nutrients
- display examples of foods from different food classes
- guide students to classify foods as energy-giving, body-building and body-regulating foods
- discuss balanced diet and its importance
- explain malnutrition and deficiency diseases with examples
Student Activities:
Students should:
- mention examples of different food classes
- classify foods according to their functions
- identify examples of balanced meals
- discuss the causes and effects of malnutrition
- match deficiency diseases with missing nutrients
Teaching & Learning Resources:
- food charts
- pictures of different food items
- samples of common foods
- balanced diet charts
- Basic Science textbooks
Evaluation Guide:
Students should be able to:
- define nutrition
- list the classes of food
- state the functions of food
- explain balanced diet
- identify examples of deficiency diseases
Lesson 6 — Drug and Substance Abuse:
Topics Covered:
- Meaning and Uses of Drugs
- Drug Abuse and Substance Abuse
- Effects of Drug Abuse
Performance Objectives:
Students should be able to:
- define drugs and explain their uses
- differentiate between proper drug use and drug abuse
- explain the meaning of substance abuse
- state the effects of drug abuse on the body and society
- identify ways of avoiding drug abuse
Teacher Activities:
Teachers should:
- explain the meaning and uses of drugs
- discuss examples of drug abuse and substance abuse
- guide students to identify the effects of drug abuse
- encourage safe and responsible health habits
- explain why students should avoid self-medication and harmful substances
Student Activities:
Students should:
- define drugs in their own words
- give examples of proper drug use and drug abuse
- state effects of drug abuse
- discuss ways of avoiding harmful substances
Teaching & Learning Resources:
- health education charts
- drug abuse awareness posters
- Basic Science textbooks
- teacher-guided examples
- classroom discussion cards
Evaluation Guide:
Students should be able to:
- define drugs and drug abuse
- state proper uses of drugs
- identify examples of substance abuse
- list effects of drug abuse
Lesson 7 — Reproductive System:
Topics Covered:
- Meaning of Reproduction and Reproductive System
- Male Reproductive Organs and Their Functions
- Female Reproductive Organs and Their Functions
- Human Sex Cells (Sperm and Ovum)
- Care of the Reproductive System
Performance Objectives:
Students should be able to:
- define reproduction and reproductive system
- state the importance of reproduction
- identify male reproductive organs and their functions
- identify female reproductive organs and their functions
- differentiate between sperm cell and ovum
- state ways of caring for the reproductive system
Teacher Activities:
Teachers should:
- explain reproduction and the reproductive system in simple terms
- use diagrams to identify male and female reproductive organs
- discuss the functions of major reproductive organs
- explain sperm cell, ovum and fertilization in an age-appropriate way
- guide students on proper care of the reproductive system
Student Activities:
Students should:
- define reproduction
- identify reproductive organs on simple diagrams
- state functions of male and female reproductive organs
- compare sperm cell and ovum
- list ways of caring for the reproductive system
Teaching & Learning Resources:
- Basic Science textbooks
- age-appropriate reproductive system diagrams
- teacher-guided charts
- classroom visual aids
- hygiene posters
Evaluation Guide:
Students should be able to:
- define reproduction
- state the functions of male and female reproductive organs
- identify sperm and ovum as human sex cells
- state ways of caring for the reproductive system
Lesson 8 — Environmental Pollution:
Topics Covered:
- Pollution
- Air Pollution
- Consequences and Control Measures of Air Pollution
- Soil Pollution
- Effects and Control of Soil Pollution
- Water Pollution
- Causes, Effects and Control of Water Pollution
- Water Purification
Performance Objectives:
Students should be able to:
- define pollution and pollutants
- explain air pollution and identify common air pollutants
- state the effects and control measures of air pollution
- explain soil pollution and its effects
- explain water pollution and its causes
- state ways of controlling water pollution
- identify simple methods of water purification
Teacher Activities:
Teachers should:
- explain the meaning of pollution using familiar examples
- guide students to identify air, soil and water pollutants
- discuss the effects of pollution on humans, animals, plants and the environment
- explain control measures for different types of pollution
- demonstrate or describe simple water purification methods
Student Activities:
Students should:
- give examples of pollutants in their environment
- classify examples as air, soil or water pollution
- discuss ways to reduce pollution at home and school
- identify effects of pollution on living things
- describe simple ways of purifying water
Teaching & Learning Resources:
- pollution charts
- pictures of polluted environments
- samples or pictures of pollutants
- water purification diagrams
- Basic Science textbooks
Evaluation Guide:
Students should be able to:
- define pollution
- identify air, soil and water pollutants
- state effects of pollution
- list control measures of pollution
- describe simple methods of water purification
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