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NECO: GOVERNMENT

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2014 GOVERNMENT NECO Theory Past Questions

NECO: GOVERNMENT 2014 GOVERNMENT NECO Theory Past Questions

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  • Registered member of a political party: The Individual must be a registered member of a political party before he can contest for any elective post.
  • Age: In some countries, 25 years of age may be the minimum age for candidates seeking election into the House of Representatives and 35 years of age for the post of the president.
  • No criminal record: He must not be found to have been involved in any criminal case or to have been imprisoned for any criminal offence.
  • Citizenship: Candidates for any elective post in many countries must be citizens of that country.
  • Sanity: The Individual must not be insane. This is a pre-requisite for candidacy in any election.
  • Payment of Tax: He must be ready to provide the evidence of payment of Tax at least for some years.

a. A Republican form of government is one that has the president as the Head of State. He is elected by the people and has a fixed term of office. The office is an elective post and not hereditary, as in a monarchy. In some countries, the president as the Head of state performs ceremonial functions but as executive president, he is both Head of State and government. e.g.U.S.A.

b. Characteristics of a republican government:

  • Equality of Citizens: All Citizens have equal opportunity to vote or to contest any elective posts in the system.
  • Rule of Law: There is the supremacy of the Constitution and rulers must abide by its provisions.
  • Periodic elections: Elections are usually periodic. In some political systems, it could be every four or five years as the case may be.
  • Limitations to the exercise of power: There are limitations to the exercise of power by political leaders.
  • Political responsibility: The political leaders must be responsive and accountable to the people they are representing.

a. Free and Fair election is an election conducted according to the principles and rules of democracy. This simply means that the people of a given country must be free, without coercion, to elect their leaders under a condition that is most favourable and conducive.

b. Features of a free and fair election.

  • Revision of voter’s register: This is necessary before any election. This is to make enough room for claims and objections.
  • The political education of the electorate: The electorate should be educated on their rights and how to identify party symbols and the proper manner of voting.
  • Independence of electoral commission: Government should not interfere with the conduct of the elections.
  • Access to Court: An aggrieved candidate should have access to Court to challenge the result of the election.
  • Secret balloting: Voting should be done secretly, so as to give the voters the freedom to vote for candidates of their choice. The principle of one man, one vote, must be respected.

 

  1. Popular Support: A Government is legitimate if it receives the popular support of the citizens.
  2. Popular Participation: For a Government to be accorded Legitimacy, the citizens must be allowed to participate in political activities.
  3. Good Governance: Any Government that operates on the tenets of good governance may earn legitimacy.
  4. Good Leadership: Legitimacy will be accorded to a leader with Sterling qualities.
  5. Ideology: The ability of the government to uphold the state Ideology Will help attain legitimacy.
  6. International Recognition: A country that will be termed,’Legitimate’ must have it’s own foreign policy in which it interacts with the Global world.
  1. Reduction of the Exclusive list: Government must take away some items on the exclusive list and put them on the Concurrent list for more autonomy to the other arms of government.
  2. Review of the Nigerian Constitution: There must be a defined Constitution for true federalism to be practised. Therefore, Nigeria’s Constitution must be reviewed to address the present situation in this political era.
  3. There should be local government autonomy: The local government should be given more Independence especially in the revenue sharing formula so that more allocation will be given to the local government. This will ensure a lot more progress in the local government since they are closer to the grassroots.
  4. Accurate Population Census: A reliable and accurate Population Census must be conducted in order for the government to record a wider representation, disbursement of more funds to the federating units, among others.
  5. Tribalism must be removed: This can be achieved by inculcating to a very large extent, National Unity. There should be no favouritism to a particular tribe. All candidates regardless of the ethnic group he or she belongs must be given equal opportunity to contest for elections in Nigeria.
  1. Evolution of Newspapers: Newspapers we’re established by the Clifford Constitution to further popularize the increased political activities.
  2. Establishment of New Legislative Council: The Clifford Constitution established a new legislative council for the colony and protectorate of Southern Nigeria(excluding the Northern protectorate.
  3. Increased Political Activities: The Clifford Constitution created a conducive atmosphere for political activities and the formation of political parties in Lagos and Calabar. e.g. The NNDP of Herbert Macaulay.
  4. Inspiration: The Constitution gave inspiration to nationalist activities in the country which acted as a preparatory ground for self-government.
  5. Introduction of Elective Principle: This Constitution made it possible for the elective representation of Nigerians into the legislative council.
  6. First Constitution: Clifford Constitution was seen as the first Constitution for Nigeria.
  1. Education of political rights: NCNC educated Nigerians on their political rights.
  2. Creation of Mid-Western Region: The NCNC worked in agreement with NPC in creating Mid-Western Region out of the then Western region in 1963.
  3. Sending of delegates to London: NCNC was instrumental to the sending of delegates to London to protest against the 1946 Constitution.
  4. Participation in Constitutional conferences: NCNC took part in most of the Constitutional conferences.e.g. The 1953 London Constitutional Conference.
  5. The struggle for self-government: The party encouraged the unity of Nigerians and was foremost in the struggle for self-government in Nigeria.
  6. Release of Publications: It introduced and published the West African Pilot which served as a powerful platform for opposing colonial rule.
  • Independence: Nationalist activities led to the Independence of Nigeria on 1st October,1960.
  • Labour Party in Britain: The activities of nationalist movements drew the support of the Labour party in Britain. Labour supported the rights of self-determination for the people.
  • The emergence of militant trade unions: Nationalism gave inspiration to some trade unions, making them become militant. They pressed and demanded their rights and improved condition of service.
  • Formation of political parties: Nationalism led to the formation of political parties.e.g. NNDP,NCNC,NPC,AG etc.These parties played in the decolonisation process.
  • Political Education: One of the effects of Nationalism was the encouragement it gave to political education and training of future political leaders. People were also educated on their political rights.
  1. Membership of humanitarian Organizations: Like Action against hunger, World food programme. e.g. Nigeria is a member of the Food and Agricultural Organization (F.A.O) and they have from time to time sent relief materials in the form of food and money to Nigeria.
  2. Advancement of human culture: Nigeria has benefitted from its foreign interactions through cultural exchange, diplomacy and policy development.
  3. Involvement in Intergovernmental Organizations such as U.N.O, Commonwealth of Nations etc. Nigeria was the 99th member and was admitted after her Independence. The World Court, an Organ of the United Nations Organization (U.N.O) has settled disputes between Nigeria and Cameroun.
  4. Partnership with Media Outlets: Nigeria’s Interactions with International Media outlets such as BBC has helped to advertise Nigeria to the whole world.
  5. Promotion of Co-operation with other Nations: This has helped to share information as a way to face global issues.e.g.Covid 19 pandemic, terrorism and the environment.
  6. Promotion of Trade policies: Nigeria’s interactions with other Nations of the world has helped promote her Trade policies, especially in the aspect of Imports and Exports.Nigeria Trades with other countries such as China, America etc.
  • Granting of loans: The richer states should help the poor ones through granting of loans and financial aid.
  • Common problems: Member states should help discuss common problems, ensuring closer and friendly ties among them.
  • Scholarship: The Commonwealth scholarship should be based only on merit and not on class and it should be granted to deserving students only.
  • Sporting activities: Member states should continue to engage in sporting activities every four years, thereby strengthening the existing relationship among them.
  • Official Language: English Language should still remain the official language, so it will enable easy communication and understanding among member-states.

 

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