Tree (Parts | Structure of Wood)

Trees are an important part of our world. They provide wood, which is used for home construction, making furniture, making musical instruments, etc.

Parts of a Tree:

Roots: They are the major part that anchors the tree firmly in the soil. Roots also absorb water and nutrients from the soil.

Crown: The crown is made up of the leaves and branches at the top of a tree.

Leaves: Leaves are part of the crown of a tree. They contain a very special substance called chlorophyll, which helps in manufacturing food for plants in the presence of sunlight, through a process called photosynthesisPhotosynthesis is the process by which green plants, and some algae and bacteria, convert the energy of sunlight into chemical energy. This energy is then used to synthesize carbohydrates such as... More.

Branches: The branches provide the support to distribute the leaves efficiently, for the type of tree, and the environment.

Stem/Trunk: The trunk of the tree provides its shape and support and holds up the crown. The trunk also transports water and nutrients from the soil and sugar from the leaves.

Structure of Wood:

The term structure of wood simply means the inner features of a tree and its functions.

Functions of Wood Structures:

Bark: This is the skin of a tree that protects it from harsh weather, animals, and any other injuries.

Cambium layer: This is the part that produces new cells for the tree to grow. It is the actual living part of the tree found between the bark and wood.

Annual growth ring: This is the part of the tree that produces new layers of cells annually. This process forms a concentric ring within the tree. This phenomenon can help one to determine the age of a tree. It also refers to growth that takes place in the cambium layer every year.

Sapwood: The sapwood is the area where water and mineral salts are transported from the roots to the leaves.

Heartwood: This is the most mature part of the tree, where dead cells are found. It is the part after the sapwood, used for furniture work.

Pith: This is the centre of the tree where decay starts sometimes. It is the core of the tree.