Methods of Sewage Disposal

1.  Cesspool:

 A cesspool is an underground pit lined with either brick or stone without cement, which allows the sewage liquid to seep out into the soil through the open space in the lining.

It serves as an underground holding tank that collects wastewater from the house’s plumbing system, essentially acting as a temporary storage for liquid waste.

2. Water Closet System:

Water closet system is very safe and modern sewage disposal method. It is connected through the sewer to the septic tank.

When it is flushed, the waste deposited in it is forced through the connecting pipes to the septic tank. It is used where there is adequate water supply.

3. Chemical Latrine:

A chemical latrine is a portable or non-sewer-connected toilet that uses chemicals to prevent and disinfect the decomposition of human waste, reducing odours and the spread of diseases.

The faeces fall into a water-tight tank containing a disinfectant and liquefier. The contents are decomposed either continuously by percolationPercolation is the downward movement of water through soil layers due to gravity and capillary forces. More in the surrounding soil or removed at intervals for burying. It is often used in places without access to a sewage system, like aircraft and railway trains.

4. Pail or Bucket Latrine:

A bucket toilet is a basic form of a dry toilet whereby a bucket (pail) is used to collect human waste. Faeces are deposited into a pail or bucket, which is removed by night soil men and thrown into rivers, lagoons or buried in the ground.

 5. Pit latrine:

Pit latrine is a deep hole into which faeces is dropped. The hole has a lid to prevent disease vectors from getting in and carrying away harmful microorganismsMicrobes are organisms that are too small to be seen without using a microscope. They include organisms like bacteria, archaea, and single-cell eukaryotes (organisms whose cells have a nucleus e.g. amoeba... More. It is dug outside the home, where it will not contaminate the groundwater or water supply.

 6. Surface Latrine: 

It is a very unhygienic sewage disposal method where faeces is spread on the ground surface, which creates room for soil and water to be contaminated.

7. Sewers and Sewage Work:

Sewers are large underground pipes that transport wastewater, including sewage, from homes, businesses, and industries to sewage treatment plants or facilities for treatment. These treatment plants may use chemicals to disinfect and purify the wastewater before it’s released back into the environment.

These treatment plants may use chemicals to disinfect and purify the wastewater before it’s released back into the environment. Harmless liquid is drained into ponds, e.g. lakes or seas, and the solid waste is used as fertilizer.

• The facilities for collecting, treating and disposing of sewage are called a sewage system.
• A sewer is a drain that carries waste materials mixed with water away from our homes. 
• Collection of waste is made through a system of underground pipes called sewers.