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JSS2: MATHEMATICS - 1ST TERM

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  1. Properties of Whole Numbers I | Week 1
    4 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  2. Properties of Whole Numbers II | Week 2
    4 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  3. Properties of Whole Numbers III | Week 3
    5 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  4. Indices | Week 4
    2 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  5. Laws of Indices | Week 5
    5 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  6. Whole Numbers & Decimal Numbers | Week 6
    4 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  7. Standard Form | Week 7
    3 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  8. Significant Figures (S.F) | Week 8
    4 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  9. Fractions, Ratios, Proportions & Percentages I | Week 9
    6 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  10. Fractions, Ratios, Proportions & Percentages II | Week 10
    4 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  11. Fractions, Ratios, Proportions & Percentages III | Week 11
    3 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  12. Approximation & Estimation | Week 12
    1 Topic
    |
    1 Quiz



Lesson Progress
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Topic Content:

  • Meaning of Factors of a Number
  • Meaning of Multiples of a Number
  • Meaning of Prime Number
  • Meaning of Prime Factor
  • Express a Number as a Product of its Prime Factors
  • Worked Examples

Factors: 

The factors of a number are the whole numbers that divide the number without any remainder. e.g. the factors of 18 may be found as follows:

Screenshot 2023 08 18 at 16.19.26

Factors of 18  are  1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18

Multiples:

A multiple of a whole number is obtained by multiplying it by any whole number e.g.

The multiples of 4 are

4 × 1, 4 × 2, 4 × 3, 4 × 4, 4 × 5, 4 × 6 …..

which are  4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, …. etc

Worked Example 1.2.1:

a. Find all the factors of 36
b. State which of these factors are even
c. State which of these factors are odd

Solution

Screenshot 2023 08 18 at 16.24.03

a. Factors  of 36  =  1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 12, 18 and 36

b. Even numbers are  2, 4, 12, 18 and 36

c. Odd numbers are  1, 3 and 9

Worked Example 1.2.2:

a. Write the first five multiples of 12
b. Which of them are multiples of 8

Solution:

a. Multiples of 12 are

12 × 1 = 12
12 × 2 = 24
12 × 3 = 36
12 × 4 = 48
12 × 5 = 60

Multiples of 12 are  12, 24, 36, 48 and 60

b. The multiples of 8 in 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 

are 24 and 48

because; 

24  =  3 × 8 
48  =  8 × 6

Prime Number:

A prime number is a number that can only be divided by 1 and itself. It has only two factors.

Examples are;

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 83, 89, 91, 97 etc.

Prime factor:

A prime factor is a factor that is also a prime number e.g.

The factors of 20 are 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, and 20.

Out of these the prime factors of 18 are 2 and 5.

Product of Prime factors:

A given number can be expressed as a product of its prime factors. This is achieved by successive or repeated division by prime factors.

Worked Example 1.2.3:

Express the following numbers as a product of their prime factors. Express your answer in index form.  

(a)  36   
(b)  320   
(c)  336   

Solution

(a) 36 

Screenshot 2023 08 18 at 16.37.42

36 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 22 × 32

(b) 320 

Screenshot 2023 08 18 at 16.57.02

320  = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5  =  26 × 5

(c) 336

Screenshot 2023 08 18 at 16.59.42

336 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 7  =  24 × 3 × 7

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