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The 6 contents of the Social Studies curriculum fall within these 3 components.

1. Cognitive Contents:

This refers to the contents of Social Studies that have been discovered or learned. It is the ability for people to understand, think and learn, it also relies on the person’s ability to recall information.

There are different stages through which a person (or student) acquires knowledge, these are;

1. Knowing the facts: first, an individual has to learn the facts by either hearing them from someone or reading them in a textbook or newspaper. Then, they make meaning of what was heard.

2. Understanding the facts: by understanding the facts the individual shows that what was heard makes sense.

3. Applying the facts: after a fact has been heard and understood, the individual is able to apply the fact in a similar situation.

4. Putting the facts together to serve a common purpose: the facts that have been learnt and understood should be used whenever necessary.

5. Examining the effects of the facts on your community or society: the learner has to examine the effects of the fact that has been understood and applied to society, this shows that learning has taken place.

For effective learning to take place the following Methods and Materials can be used;

  • Use of instructional materials
  • Powerpoint slides
  • Excursions or visitations
  • Use of human resources
  • Organized class notes
  • Debates

2. Affective Content:

This refers to the effect of any content on the attitude and behaviour of an individual. This component focuses on the emotion, attitude, and behaviour of the individual towards the content studied.

This component is very important in teaching and learning, because;

  • Attitude of the learner: when the learner is receptive to listening, then they listen.
  • Call to Action: the attitude will bring the learner to take action.
  • Willingness to Participate: having a positive attitude will make the learners want to participate in the learning process.
  • Value of Knowledge: the level of participation of the learner will determine the value attached to the knowledge gained.
  • Inclusion into Way of Life: when the learner has value for knowledge, the level of inclusion of the fact learnt in the learner’s life will be high.

The above can be categorized into:

  • Receiving
  • Recording
  • Valuing
  • Organizing
  • Change one’s behaviour

3. Psychomotor Contents:

This refers to the body movements and coordination derived from what has been learned. It refers to the physical performance of the contents in a way that shows learning has taken place. It brings together the activities of cognitive and affective contents in a physical manner.

It also involves dramatizing (or performing) roles that are a part of Social Studies content such as Father, Mother, Political leaders, Educational leaders, etc.

Stages of Psychomotor Contents:

In order for Psychomotor content to be effective, it must undergo the following stages;

1. Elementary movement – This is the first stage, there must be action.

2. Synchronized movement – Action must be organized and arranged in a logical manner.

3. There must be body movement which shows or represents the information.

4. Finally, there are results produced which are a combination of verbal and non-verbal movement.

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