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SS1: AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE - 1ST TERM

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  1. Meaning and Importance of Agriculture | Week 1
    3 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  2. Problems of Agricultural Development and Possible Solutions | Week 2
    1 Topic
    |
    1 Quiz
  3. Meaning and Differences between Subsistence and Commercial Agriculture | Week 3
    4 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  4. Roles of Government in Agriculture Development | Week 4
    3 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  5. Roles of Non-Governmental Organizations in Agricultural Development | Week 5
    5 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  6. Agricultural Laws and Reforms | Week 6
    4 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  7. Meaning and Importance of Agricultural Ecology | Week 7
    7 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  8. Land and its Uses | Week 8
    5 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz

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Topic Content:

  • Other Government Roles in Agricultural Development
  • Evaluation Questions

1. Provision of Extension Services:

This enables new ideas and innovations to reach rural farmers.

2. Provision of Agricultural Education:

Governments, of various levels, have established adult literacy programmes in rural areas to techniques, plant varieties and others, such as Nomadic education.

3. Provision of Quarantine Services:

This is the process of checking and keeping exotic plant and animal materials (exotic breeds of animals, improved seed varieties) by immigration officials and other government agencies before allowing them to enter the country.

The purpose of checking is to:

a. Ensure that the materials are pest and disease-free.

b. To confirm that the exotic materials are not susceptible to local diseases.

c. To ascertain that imported crops, animals and other plants are adapted to the climate and environmental conditions.

4. Provision of Vaccines:

Vaccines are substances that are usually injected into a person or animal, to protect them against a particular disease.

Vaccines help to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against diseases.

5. Establishment of Research Institutes:

Research can be defined as the process of careful study of a subject to discover new facts.

Aims of Agricultural Research:

To investigate and discount new facts about improvement in productivity and quality of farm produce (crops and animals).

Procedures to Achieve Aims of Agricultural Research:

  • Generic improvement.
  • Plant protection.
  • Irrigation methods.
  • Storage facilities.
  • Farm mechanization.
  • Efficient marketing.
  • Better management of available resources.

Examples of Research Institutes Established by the Government:

i. Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Oyo State (CRIN)

ii. National Institute for Horticultural Research, Ibadan, Oyo State (NIHORT)

iii. Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN), Ibadan, Oyo State.

iv. Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T) Ibadan, Oyo State.

v. Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria (RRIN) Benin, Edo State.

vi. National Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR), Benin, Edo State.

vii. National Cereals Research Institute (NCRI), Badeggi, Niger state.

viii. National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI), Umudike, Abia State.

ix. Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research (NITR), Kaduna, Kaduna State.

x. Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR), Zaria, Kaduna State.

xi. National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom, Jos, Plateau State.

xii. Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology (NILEST), Zaria, Kaduna State.

xiii. Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI), Ilorin, Kwara State.

xiv. Agricultural And Rural Management Training Institute (ARMTI), Ilorin, Kwara State.

xv. National Institute of Oceanography and Marine Research (NIOMR) Victoria Island, Lagos State.

xvi. Lake Chad Research Institute (LCKI), Maiduguri, Borno State.

xvii. National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research (NIFFR), Kanji, Niger State.

Evaluation Questions:

1. (a) What is Agricultural Policy?

(b) State five objectives of agricultural policy in Nigeria.

2. Discuss any four agricultural programmes of the government in Nigeria.

3. Highlight ten Agricultural Research Institutes in Nigeria.

4. State five objectives of

a. River Basin Development Authorities

b. Agricultural Development Project.

5. Enumerate eight roles of cooperative organizations in Agricultural Development.

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Evaluation Questions:

1. (a) What is Agricultural Policy?

Answer:

Agricultural policy is the synthesis framework and action plan of the Nigerian Government designed to achieve overall agricultural growth and development.

 

(b) State five objectives of agricultural policy in Nigeria.

Answer:

(i) To increase the production of food in the country

(ii) To improve the standard of living of Nigeria farmers

(iii) To increase the production and processing of export commodities in order to improve government foreign exchange and revenue generation.

(iv) To provide employment for Nigerian youths

(v) To improve self-sufficiency in basic community food production.

 

2. Discuss any four agricultural programmes of the government in Nigeria.

Answer:

(i) Green Revolution

This was set up between 1979 and 1983.

Objectives:

  • To encourage large scale farming.
  • To produce cash crops for export purposes.
  • To produce abundant food crops for local consumption.
  • To establish River Basin Development Authorities, to boost the supply of water for irrigation purposes.

(ii) Operation Feed the Nation(OFN)

This was set up between 1976 and 1979

Objectives

  • To increase food production.
  • To provide food for all Nigerians.
  • To facilitate agricultural development in all parts of Nigeria.
  • To popularize agriculture.

(iii)  Directorate of Foods, Roads and Rural Infrastructure (DFRRI) Established in 1986

Objectives:

  • To provide rural infrastructures that would facilitate food production.
  • To develop small scale agro-based industries.
  • To provide electricity to the rural dwellers.
  • To provide rural infrastructures that would facilitate food production and processing.

(iv) Agro-Service Centres

Objectives:

  1. To supply drugs and vaccines to farmers.
  2. To provide expert services to farmers.
  3. To provide farm inputs.
  4. To supply spare parts for agricultural machines and implements.

 

3. Highlight ten Agricultural Research Institutes in Nigeria.

Answer:

(i) Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN) Ibadan, Oyo State

(ii) National Institute for Horticultural Research and Training (NIHORT) Ibadan, Oyo State.

(iii) Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN) Ibadan, Oyo State

(iv) Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T), Ibadan, Oyo State.

(v) Nigerian Stored Product Research Institute (NSPRI) Ilorin, Kwara State.

(vi) Agricultural Research Management and Training Institute (ARMTI) Ilorin, Kwara State.

(vii) National Institute of Oceanography and Marine Research (NIOMR) Lagos, Lagos State.

(viii) Lake Chad Research Institute (LCRI) Maiduguri, Borno State.

(ix) National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI) Vom, Jos, Plateau State.

(x) Institute of Agricultural Research (IAR) Zaria, Kaduna State

 

4. State five objectives of

a. River Basin Development Authorities:

Answer:

(i) To provide irrigation facilities through the construction of dams for all year round agricultural production.

(ii) Helps to bring more land under cultivation.

(iv) To increase the total output per farmer with increased net revenue returns.

(v) Construction of feeder roads to project sites for good transportation.

(vi) Construction of fish ponds, which assist in the distribution of fish fingerlings to fish farmers.

b. Agricultural Development Project.

Answer:

(i) To boost agricultural production.

(ii) To construct rural infrastructures such as feeder roads and dams.

(iii) To increase the level of extension contact with farmers.

(iv) To help in replenishing degraded agricultural land.

(v) To bring agricultural services close to the people in the rural areas.

 

5. Enumerate eight roles of co-operative organizations in Agricultural Development.

Answer:

(i) Employment Opportunity.

(ii) Provide farm inputs.

(iii) Provide facilities for their members.

(iv) Make provision for storage facilities for their members.

(v) Provision of a ready market for farm produce.

(vi) Encourage large scale production and expansion of members investment.

(vii) Create awareness among members on what, when and how to produce.

(viii) Produce capital for their members.

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