The components of an ecosystem can be divided into Biotic (living) and Abiotic (non-living).
Biotic Component: All living things make up the biotic community.
The biotic component consists of;
(i) Producers e.g. autotrophs (green plants), chemosynthetic bacteria and protophyta.
(ii) Consumers i.e. heterotrophsA heterotroph is an organism that consumes other organisms in a food chain. The term stems from the Greek words hetero for “other” and trophe for “nourishment.” More such as animals, protozoa and some bacteria.
(iii) Decomposers i.e. saprophytes like fungi and some bacteria.
Abiotic Component: It consists of abiotic resources needed by the organisms to stay alive, examples are sunlight, carbon dioxide, and abiotic conditions which include air, water, soil, temperature, humidity, turbidity, light intensity, etc.
Biomes: The biomes are the world’s major communities classified according to the predominant vegetation because plants form the bulk of the community.
Ecological factors: Ecological factors are factors that influence the type of biotic community that is found in an area. They are grouped into Biotic factors and Abiotic factors.
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