Physical and Chemical Changes

Physical Change:

Physical change is one which is easily reversible and in which no new substance is formed, for example when a solid (ice) is heated, it melts to form a liquid (water), and on cooling, the liquid solidifies to ice again.

Other examples of Physical change;

1. Dissolution of common salt in water.

2. Melting of ice, candle wax, etc.

3. Freezing of liquid to solid.

4. Vaporisation of liquid e.g. water.

5. Liquefaction of gasses.

6. Sublimation of camphor, and iodine.

7. Magnetisation of iron.

Chemical Change:

Chemical change is one which is not easily reversible and in which new substances are formed. For example, the burning of firewood. It changes to charcoal and ash. This is a chemical change as we cannot get back the firewood anymore. 

Other examples of chemical change:

1. Rusting of iron.

2. Burning of any substance in air. e.g. coal, paper, magnesium ribbon,  wood, etc.

3. Dissolution of metal or limestone in acid.

4. Electrolysis of a compound e.g. dilute H₂SO₄.

5. FermentationFermentation is a natural process through which microorganisms like yeast and bacteria convert carbs — such as starch and sugar — into alcohol or acids, anaerobically releasing energy. More and decay of substances e.g. Alcohol, Yoghurts.

6. Slaking of lime i.e adding water to quicklime.

7. Changes in an electrochemical cell.

Differences between Physical and Chemical Changes: