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Topic Content:
- Empirical Formula
Empirical Formula indicates the ratios of the atoms present in the substance. The empirical formula of a compound can be calculated from the percentage composition of the compound.
Determination of Empirical Formula from the percentage composition:
1. The percentage composition of each element in the compound or the mass of each element in the compound will be provided.
2. Divide the percentage composition by the relative atomic masses.
3. Divide the result obtained in (2) above by the smallest value.
Example 6.8.1:
A compound contains 43.4% sodium, 11.3% carbon and 45.3% oxygen. Calculate its Empirical Formula. (Na = 23, C = 12, O = 16)
Solution:
| Na | C | 0 | |
| Step I | 43.4 | 11.3 | 45.3 |
| Step II | \( \frac{43.4}{23}\\ \scriptsize = 1.89 \) | \( \frac{11.3}{12} \\ \scriptsize = 0.9416 \) | \( \frac{45.3}{16}\\ \scriptsize = 2.83125 \) |
| Step III | \( \frac{1.89}{0.9416} \) | \( \frac{0.9416}{0.9416} \) | \( \frac{2.83125}{0.9416} \) |
| 2 | 1 | 3 |
= Na2C1O3
Empirical Formula = Na2CO3
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