Topic Content:
- Balancing of Redox Equation
- Steps to follow in Balancing a Simple Ionic Equation by Half-cell Method:
Redox equations are generally written down in ionic form except if they are gaseous or in a neutral molecular state. Redox equation could be simple or complex.
The method used in balancing redox equations depends on whether the reaction is in an acidic, alkaline, or neutral medium.
Steps to follow in Balancing a Simple Ionic Equation by Half-cell Method:
1. Write down the oxidation number of each element or ion present.
2. Divide the equation into a half-cell equation i.e oxidation half-cell equation and reduction half-cell equation.
3. Balance each half-cell equation thus:
(a) Balance the atoms first i.e by adding appropriate coefficients to the atoms already present.
(b) Secondly balance the charges i.e by adding an appropriate number of electrons.
4. Multiply each half-cell using the coefficient of electrons to balance electron gain or loss.
5. Add the two half-cell equations in step 4 (to get the NET EQUATION) which is the balanced simple ionic equation (the electrons cancel out).
Example 8.1.1:
Balance the following reaction by half-cell reaction methods
(a) Na(s)+ H+(aq) → Na+(aq) + H2(g)
(b) Fe2+(aq) + Cl2(g) → Fe3+ (aq) + Cl–
(c) Cu2+aq) + Zn → Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s)
Solution
(a) Na(s) + H+(aq) → Na+(aq) + H2(g)
Step I:
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