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SS2: GOVERNMENT - 1ST TERM

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  1. Electoral Process | Week 1
    5 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  2. Types of Electoral Process | Week 2
    5 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  3. Electoral Process Continues - Proportional, Representation, Repeated Ballot, Direct and Indirect Elections | Week 3
    5 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  4. Ballot Systems | Types of Voting | Week 4
    3 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  5. Organization of Election | Week 5
    4 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  6. Electoral Commission and Electoral Officers | Week 6
    4 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  7. Public Opinion and Mass Media | Week 7
    6 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  8. Civil Service | Week 8
    6 Topics
  9. Personnel Administration in the Civil Service | Week 9
    5 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  10. Public Corporation | Week 10
    9 Topics
  11. Commercialization, Privatization and Deregulation of Public Corporations | Week 11
    4 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz



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Topic Content:

Evaluation Questions – Ballot Systems | Types of Voting:

1. a. What is voting?

(b) What is secret ballot?

(c) Discuss the merits and demerits of secret ballot

2. What is Open ballot?

3. a. What is secret ballot?

(b) Give merits and demerits of secret ballot.

4. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Voting by proxy (b) Optical Scanning (c) Direct Recording Electronic Voting Machine (d) Internet voting (e) Postal voting.

 

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Evaluation Questions – Ballot Systems | Types of Voting

1. a. What is voting?

Answer: Voting is a method a group uses to make a collective decision. Democratic states use voting to elect political leaders. Residents of states that are qualified to vote are called voters, voting types include Open ballot, Secret ballot, Voting by Proxy, electronic voting, direct recording, electronic voting machine, and postal voting.

 

(b) What is secret ballot?

Answer:  In a secret ballot, the voter’s choice is anonymous. The voter’s choice is unknown to the electoral officer and other voters. In this type, a voter is given a list of political parties or candidates with a column or box where he can mark or thumb-print in a column or candidate and then place it in a sealed box.

 

(c) Discuss the merits and demerits of secret ballot

Answer:

Merits of Secret Ballot

  • Secret Ballot forestalls vote-buying, bribery, intimidation, and harassment of voters.
  • It ensures that voter’s privacy is maintained.
  • The voters are free to make their choice. They are not pressured.
  • It is democratic.

Demerits of Secret Ballot

  • The result is subject to manipulation. The electoral offices may manipulate election results
  • It is still threatened by vote-buying, intimidation, etc.

 

2. What is Open ballot?

Answer: Open ballot allows voters to indicate their choice in public or in the presence of electoral officers and other voters. This can be done by queuing behind their choice of candidates or political party. This is the oldest method of voting.

 

3. a. What is secret ballot?

Answer:

In a secret ballot, voters’ choice is anonymous. The voter’s choice is not made known to the electoral officer and other voters. In this type, a voter is given a list of political parties or candidates with a column or box where he can mark or thumb-print in a column or box beside his preferred party or candidate and then place it in a sealed box. All these the voters do in the voting booth. At the end of the voting, the box is opened, emptied, and counted.

 

(b) Give merits and demerits of secret ballot.

Answer:

Merits of Secret Ballot

  • Secret ballot forestalls vote-buying, bribery, intimidation, and harassment of voters.
  • It ensures that voters’ privacy is maintained.
  • The voters are free to make their choices.
  • It is democratic.

Demerits of Secret Ballot

  • The result is subject to manipulation. The electoral officers may manipulate the result of the election.
  • It is still threatened by vote-buying, intimidation, etc.

 

4. Write short notes on the following:

Answer:

(a) Voting by proxy

Voting by proxy is the type where voters may delegate their voting power to a representative to cast votes in their absence. This type is used in the U.S.A. in corporate governance and the United Kingdom though there are conditions that must be met before voting time.

(b) Optical Scanning

In this type, voting machine paper ballots are given to voters to mark their preference, thereafter the paper is scanned for electronic tabulation. It is similar to traditional voting.

(c) Direct Recording Electronic Voting Machine

This type does not make use of ballot papers rather voters input their votes electronically. These votes are recorded and stored electronically. This method is used nationwide in India and Brazil.

(d) Internet voting

Internet Voting permits voters to register their votes over the internet. There may be a physical pooling place designed for voting or it may permit voters to use their own devices in their homes.

(e) Postal voting

This includes voting through email or fax. It is voting in which ballot papers are distributed to voters. The voters return their ballot paper through the post. But the postal votes must be distributed and placed in return mail before the scheduled election day.

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