The Skin

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Epidermis
Dermis

The mammalian skin covers the body’s surface. It protects the internal organs and also carries out the function of excretion. A vertical section through the skin shows that it consists of the outer epidermis and the inner dermis.

human skin layers — _{Vertical section of the skin}

Epidermis:

It consists of three(3) layers:

1. The Cornified layer.
2. The Granular layer.
3. The Malpighian layer.

1. The Cornified Layer:

The cells in this layer are impregnated with keratin, a protein also found in the fingernails. The cells are dead and horny. The stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the epidermis, is also known as the “horny layer,” because its cells are toughened like an animal’s horn.

It prevents germs from entering the body unless there is a cut. This layer forms a protective covering over the body surface and prevents mechanical injury.

The cells are constantly being replaced by cells from beneath. The cornified layer is thickest on the soles of the feet and the palms of the

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SS3: BIOLOGY - 1ST TERM

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