Rocks that are likely to have crude oil are identified through geophysical survey, remote sensing which makes use of aerial photographs to locate and map surface features, core drilling, and mapping the earth’s rock layers.
Mapping is done by exploding dynamite in deep holes in the earth’s crust and recording the reflections of the shock waves from the rock layers. From this data, a geologist will detect possible oil-bearing rocks.
Crude oil is extracted by drilling wells into the ground. The drilling is carried out using a rotary rig supported by a derrick. When the well is drilled to the layers of the rocks that bear oil, the gas may come out under high pressure. The crude is then pumped out. The crude is then stored in hard steel tanks and transported for refining.
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