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Lesson 9, Topic 1
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# Energy Quantization

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Electrons are arranged round the nucleus of an atom in an orbit called energy levels. Electrons are held in the orbit due to electrostatic force of attraction between it and the nucleus of the atom. Every electron in a given atom possess a certain amount of energy that is related to the individual orbit or energy level, because they are restricted to the energy level, hence they are quantized.

The lowest energy level an electron can occupy is the ground state energy and electrons under normal condition are stable at the ground state energy level.

When an electron absorbs or acquires energy, it moves to a higher energy level. The electron at the higher energy level is said to be excited and unstable. When electron moves to ground state, it radiates or gives out excess energy as light of definite frequency and wavelength.

The amount of energy radiated as electron jumps down to lower energy level or absorbs to jump to higher energy level is Ei – Ef = hf

Energy of electron at each energy level is

En = $$\frac{E_0}{n^2}$$

En – excited energy level

E0 = -13.6eV at ground state. n = 1,2,3,…

The first energy level, or ground state energy level n = 1.

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