Practical transformers are not 100 efficient; energyEnergy is the ability to do work. Energy exists in several forms such as heat, kinetic or mechanical energy, light, potential energy, and electrical energy. Units of Energy: The SI unit... More is lost in transformers in the following ways
(i) Heat loss (I2R)- the primary and secondary coil has resistance some energy is lost in the form of heat (I2R) in the coil
This can be reduced by using low resistance coil and thick wires
(ii) Hysteresis loss: energy is lost as heat in the core of a transformer due to reversal of the magnetic field in the core
This can be reduced by special alloys in the core of primary coil, or use of soft iron core
(iii) Eddy current: energy is lost due to eddy current induced by changing magnetic flux in the core of the transformer
It can be reduced by laminating the core
(iv) Leakages of magnetic flux: not all the magnetic flux produced in the primary coil are linked to the secondary coil, there are leakages before getting to the secondary coil.
It can be reduced by a special form of coil windings, or by efficient core design
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