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Quiz 2 of 13

# 2020 Mathematics WAEC Theory Past Questions

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### Question 1a

If A = {multiples of 2}, B = {multiples of 3} and C = {factors of 6} are subsets of μ = {x: 1 ≤ x ≤ 10}, find $$\scriptsize A' \cap B' \cap C'$$

Solution

μ = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}

A = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}

B = {3, 6, 9}

C = {1, 2, 3, 6}

A' = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}

B' = {1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10}

C' = {4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10}

Hence,

:- $$\scriptsize A' \cap B' \cap C'$$

= {1, 3, 5, 7, 9} $$\scriptsize \cap$$ {1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10} $$\scriptsize \cap$$ {4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10}

= {5, 7}

### Question 1b

Tickets for a movie premiere cost $18.50 each while a bulk purchase price for 5 tickets is$80.00. If 4 gentlemen decide to get a fifth person to join them so that they can share the bulk purchase price equally, how much would each person save?

Solution

Retail price for 1 dics = $18.50 Pack of 5 discs =$80.00

Total cost for 5 persons = $18.50 x 5 =$92.50

Amount saved by 5 persons

= $(92.50 - 80) =$12.50

Amount saved by each person =  $$\frac{12.50}{5}$$

= $2.50 Alternative Solution Price for each person = $$\frac{80}{5}$$ =$16.00

Amount saved by each person = $(18.00 - 16.00) =$2.50

### Question 2a

Given that P = $$\left ( \frac{rk}{Q} \: - \: ms\right)^{\frac{2}{3}}$$

(i) Make Q the subject of the relation;

(ii) Find, correct to two decimal places the value of Q when P = 3, m = 15, s = 0.2, k = 4 and r = 10

Solution

(i) $$\scriptsize P = \normalsize \left ( \frac{rk}{Q} \: - \: ms\right)^{\frac{2}{3}}$$

$$\scriptsize P^{\frac{3}{2}} = \normalsize \frac{rk}{Q} \: - \: ms$$

$$\scriptsize P^{\frac{3}{2}} \: - \: ms = \normalsize \frac{rk}{Q}$$

Cross multiply

$$\scriptsize Q \left( P^{\frac{3}{2}} \: + \: ms \right) = rk$$

$$\scriptsize Q = \normalsize \frac{rk}{P^{\frac{3}{2}} \: + \: ms}$$

(ii) Given that k = 4 , m = 15, P = 3, r = 10 and s = 0.2

∴  $$\scriptsize Q = \normalsize \frac{(10)(4)}{3^{\frac{3}{2}} \: + \: (15)(0.2)}$$

= $$\normalsize \frac{40}{\sqrt{3}^{3} \: + \: 3}$$

= $$\normalsize \frac{40}{\sqrt{27} \: + \: 3}$$

= $$\normalsize \frac{40}{5.1962 \: + \: 3}$$

= $$\normalsize \frac{40}{8.192}$$

= 4.8803

= 4.88

### Question 2b

Given that $$\frac{x \: + \: 2y}{5} \scriptsize = x \: - \: 2y$$

find x: y

x + 2y = 5x - 10y

Collect like terms

x - 5x = -10y - 2y

-4x = -12y

Divide both sides by 4

x = 3y

Divide both sides by y

$$\frac{x}{y} = \frac{3}{1}$$

Hence x : y = 3 : 1

### Question 3a

In the diagram, O is the centre of the circle ABCDE, $$\scriptsize \bar{|BC|} = \bar{|CD|}$$ and ∠BCD = 108º. Find ∠CDE

Solution

∠CBD = ∠CDB (Base angles of an iscosceles triangle)

∴ 2∠CBD  + 108º = 180º (Sum of angles in a triangle)

2∠CBD   = 180º -  108º

2∠CBD   = 72º

∠CBD = $$\frac{72}{2}$$

∠CBD = 36º

Also, ∠BDE = 90º

Hence,

∠CDE = ∠CDB + ∠BDE

= 36º + 90º

= 126º

### Question 3b

Given that tan x = √3, $$\scriptsize \; \; \; \; 0^o \leq x \leq 90^o$$

Evaluate $$\frac{(cosx)^2 \: - \: sinx}{(sinx)^2 \: + \: cosx}$$

Solution

tan x = √3 for  $$\scriptsize \; \; \; \; 0^o \leq x \leq 90^o$$

∴ tanx = $$\frac{opp}{adj} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{1}$$

By Pythagoras’ theorem

$$\scriptsize a^2 = ( \sqrt{3})^2 \: + \: 1^2$$

$$\scriptsize a^2 = 3 \: + \: 1$$

$$\scriptsize a^2 = 4$$

$$\scriptsize a = \sqrt{4}$$

$$\scriptsize a = 2$$

∴ sinx = $$\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$$

cosx = $$\frac{1}{2}$$

Substitute sin x & cosx  into

$$\frac{(cosx)^2\: - \: sinx}{(sinx)^2 \: + \: cosx}$$

$$\frac{(\frac{1}{2} )^2 \: - \: \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} }{(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} )^2 \: + \: \frac{1}{2}}$$

= $$\frac{\frac{1}{4} \: - \: \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} }{\frac{3}{4} \: + \: \frac{1}{2}}$$

Finding the L.C.M of the numerator and denominator, we have;

$$\frac{\frac{1 \: - \: 2\sqrt{3}}{4}}{\frac{3 \: + \: 2}{4}}$$

= $$\frac{\frac{1 \: - \: 2\sqrt{3}}{4}}{\frac{5}{4}}$$

Solving the fraction we have

$$\frac{1 \: - \: 2\sqrt{3}}{4} \: \times \: \frac{4}{5}$$

$$\frac{1 \: - \: 2\sqrt{3}}{5}$$

### Question 4a

The total surface area of a cone of slant height 1 cm and base radius r cm is 224𝛑 cm2. If r : l = 2 : 5, find: (a) Correct to one decimal place, the value of r,

Solution:

Ratio of the radius to slant height of a right circular cone is

r : l = 2 : 5

$$\frac{r}{l} = \frac{2}{5}$$

∴ 2l = 5r

l = $$\frac{5r}{2}$$

Total surface area = πr² + πrl

224π = πr(r + l)

224 = $$\scriptsize r \left[ r \: + \: \normalsize \frac{5}{2} \right]$$

224 = $$\scriptsize r \left[ \normalsize \frac{2r \: + \: 5r}{2} \right]$$

224 = $$\scriptsize r \left[ \normalsize \frac{7r}{2} \right]$$

Crosss multiply

224 x 2 = 7r²

448 = 7r²

r² = $$\frac{448}{7}$$

r² = 64

r = √64

r = 8cm

Hence,

Slantheight(l) = $$\frac{5r}{2}$$

= $$\frac{5 \: \times \: 8}{2}$$

= $$\frac{40}{2}$$

= 20cm

### Question 4b

Correct to the nearest whole number, the volume of the cone

Take π = $$\frac{22}{7}$$

Solution

By Pythagoras’ theorem

$$\scriptsize h^2 = 20^2 - 8^2$$

$$\scriptsize h = \sqrt{20^2 - 8^2}$$

$$\scriptsize h = \sqrt{336}$$

$$\scriptsize h = 18.33cm$$

∴vol = $$\frac{1}{3} \scriptsize \: \times \: \pi r^2h$$

= $$\frac{1}{3} \: \times \: \frac{22}{7} \scriptsize \: \times \: 8^2 \: \times \: 18.33$$

= $$\frac{25808.64}{21}$$

Volume = 1228.98

= 1229cm³

### Question 5

A die was rolled a number of times. The outcomes are as shown in the table.

 Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 outcomes 32 m 25 40 28 45

If the probability of obtaining 2 is 0.15, find the:

(a) Value of m;

Solution:

From the table

∑f = 5 + m + 55 + 45 + 25 + 40

= 170 + m

Pr(2) = 0.15

$$\frac{m}{170 \: + \: m} \scriptsize = 0.15$$

m = 0.15(170 + m)

m = 25.5 + 0.15m

Collect like terms

m - 0.15m = 25.5

0.85m = 25.5

m = $$\frac{25.5}{0.85}$$

m = 30

(b) Number of times the die was rolled;

Solution:

Total number of times the die was rolled

= 170 + m

= 170 + 30

= 200

(c) Probability of obtaining an even number

Solution:

Pr(obtain an even number)

= $$\frac{m \: + \: 45 \: + \: 40}{170 \: + \: m}$$

= $$\frac{30 \: + \: 45 \: + \: 40}{170 \: + \: 30}$$

= $$\frac{115}{200}$$

or

0.575

### Question 6a and 6b

(a) Copy and complete the table of values for the relation y = 3sin2x

Solution:

(b) Using a  scale of 2 cm to 15
on the x-axis and 2 cm to 1 unit on the y-axis, draw the graph of y = 3 sin 2x for 0º ≤ x ≤ 150º

### Question 6c

(c) Use the graph to find the truth set of

(i) 3 sin 2x + 2 = 0

3 sin2x + 2 = 0

3 sin2x = -2

∴ y = -2

The truth is x = 111º

(ii) $$\frac{3}{2} \scriptsize sin2x \: = \: 0.25$$

cross multiply

3sin2x = 0.25 x 2

3sin2x = 0.5

∴ y = 0.5

The truth set is x = 4.5 and 85.5

### Question 7a

(a) The diagram shows a wooden structure in the form of a cone, mounted on a hemispherical base. The vertical height of the cone is 48m and the base radius is 14m. Calculate, correct to three significant figures, the surface area of the structure.

Take π = $$\frac{22}{7}$$

Solution

Slant height l is given by

l² = 48² + 14²

l² = 2304 + 196

l² = 2500

l = √2500

= 50m

Hence,

Surface area of the structure

= surface area of cone + surface area of hemisphere

Surface area of the structure

= πrl + 2πr²

= $$\scriptsize = \left ( \frac{22}{7} \scriptsize \: \times \: 14 \: \times \: 50 \right) \: + \: \left (\scriptsize 2 \: \times \: \normalsize \frac{22}{7} \scriptsize \: \times \: 14^2 \right)$$

= 2200 + 1232

= 3432

= 3430m² (3.s.f)

### Question 7b

Five years ago, Musah was twice as old as Sesay’s. If the sum of their ages is 100. Find Sesay’s present age.

Let Sesay's age = x

Musah's age = y

From the first statement,

x + y = 100.........(i)

From the second statement,

y - 5 = 2(x - 5)

y - 5 = 2x - 10

-5 + 10 = 2x - y

5 = 2x - y

∴ 2x - y = 5 - (2)

3x = 105

x = $$\frac{105}{3}$$

x = 35

put x = 35 into (i)

35 + y = 100

y = 100 - 35

y = 65

∴ Sesay's age = x = 35 years

Musah's ae = y = 65 years

Aliter

Let Musah's age = M

M - 5 = 2(100 - M - 5)

M - 5 = 2(95 - M)

M + 2M = 190 + 5

3M = 195

M = $$\frac{195}{3}$$

M = 65

∴ Musah's age = M = 65 years

Sesay's age = 100 - 65 = 35 years

### Question 8a

Ms. Maureen spent $$\frac{1}{4}$$ of her monthly income at a shopping mall. $$\frac{1}{3}$$  at an open market and $$\frac{2}{5}$$ of the remaining amount at a Mechanic workshop. If she had ₦225,000.00 left, find:

(i) her monthly income;

(ii) the amount spent at the open market.

Solution:

(i) Let woman’s monthly income = x

Food = $$\normalsize \frac{1}{4} \scriptsize \: \times \: x = \normalsize \frac{x}{4}$$

Open market = $$\normalsize \frac{1}{3} \scriptsize \: \times \: x = \normalsize \frac{x}{3}$$

The remainder = $$\scriptsize x \: - \: \left( \normalsize \frac{x}{4} \: + \: \frac{x}{3} \right)$$

= $$\scriptsize x \: - \: \normalsize \frac{x}{4} \: + \: \frac{x}{3}$$

= $$\frac{12x \: - \: 3x \: - \: 4x}{12}$$

Remainder = $$\frac{5x}{12}$$

Fraction of the remainder spent at the mechanic workshop

= $$\frac{2}{5} \: \times \: \frac{5x}{12}$$

= $$\frac{x}{6}$$

New remainder = $$\frac{5x}{12} \: - \: \frac{x}{6}$$

=$$\frac{5x \: - \: 2x}{12}$$

=$$\frac{3x}{12}$$

=$$\frac{x}{4}$$

Her monthly income is

$$\frac{x}{4} \scriptsize = 225,000$$

x = ₦225,000 x 4

x = ₦900,000

(ii) Amount spent on the open market

= $$\frac{x}{3}$$

= $$\frac{900,000}{3}$$

= 300,000

### Question 8b

The third term of an Arithmetic Progression (A.P) is 4m - 2n. If the ninth term of the progression is 2m – 8n. Find the common difference in terms of m and n

Solution

$$\scriptsize U_3 = 4m - 2n$$

a + 2d = 4m - 2n ...........(1)

$$\scriptsize U_9 = 2m - 8n$$

a + 8d = 2m - 8n ...........(2)

Subtract equation (2) from (1)

-6d = 2m + 6n

-6d = 2(m + 3n)

Divide both sides by -6

d = $$\frac{-2}{6} \scriptsize (m \: + \: n)$$

d = $$\frac{-1}{3} \scriptsize (m \: + \: n)$$

### Question 9

Two cyclists X and Y leave town Q at the same time. Cyclist X travels at the rate of 5 km h on a bearing of 049ᵒ and cyclist Y travels at a rate of 9 km h on a bearing of 319ᵒ.

(a) Illustrate the information on a diagram.

Solution

(b) After travelling for two hours, calculate correct to the nearest whole number. The:

(i) Distance between cyclists X and Y

(ii) Bearing of cyclists X and Y.

(c) Find the average speed at which cyclist X will get to Y in 4 hours.

Solution:

Using cosine rule we have

|XY|² = |QY|² + |QX|²  - 2|QY| |QX| cos Q

= 9² + 5² - 2(9)(5) cos 90º

= 81 + 25 - 0

|XY| = √106

= 10.296kmh-1

Recall,

Speed = $$\frac{distance}{time}$$

10.296kmh-1  = $$\frac{distance}{2hrs}$$

distance = 10.296 x 2

= 20.592

= 21km

Aliter

Since the diagram is a right angled ΔXYQ

|XY|² = |QY|²  + |QX|²  (pythagoras theorem)

But,

|QY| = 9 x 2 = 18km

|QX| = 5 x 2 = 10km

Hence,

|XY|² = 18² + 10²

|XY| = √424

= 20.591

= 21km

(ii) since, we are dealing with a right-angled ∆XYQ, we can use

ta Y = $$\frac{|QX|}{|QY|} = \frac{10}{18}$$

Y = $$\scriptsize tan^{-1} 0.556$$

Y = 29.06

Hence, the bearing of X from Y

= 180º - (29.06º + 41º)

= 109.94º

=110º

(c) Find the average speed at which cyclist X will get to Y in 4 hours.

Average speed  = $$\frac{distance}{time}$$

= $$\frac{20.59km}{4hr}$$

= 5.148

= 5.15kmh-1

### Question 10

The table shows the distribution of marks obtained by students in an examination

Solution:

 Marks Upper Class Boundary Frequency Cumulative Frequency 0-9 9.5 7 7 10-19 19.5 11 18 20-29 29.5 17 35 30-39 39.5 20 55 40-49 49.5 29 84 50-59 59.5 34 118 60-69 69.5 30 148 70-79 79.5 25 173 80-89 89.5 21 194 90-99 99.5 6 200

(b) Draw the cumulative frequency curve for the distribution.

### Question 11a

In the diagram, MNPQ is a circle with center O, |MN|=|NP| and OMN=50. Find: (i) MNP   (ii) POQ

Solution

NPQ = 180º - 50º (cyclic quadrilateral)

MPQ = 90º (angle in a semi-circle)

MPN = 130º - 90º

MPN = 4

If MPN = 40º, then ∠PMN = 40º (Base angles of an isosceles triangle)

MNP + ∠PMN + ∠MPN =  180º

MNP + 40º + 40º = 180º (Sum of angles in a triangle)

MNP = 180º - (40º + 40º)

MNP = 180º - 80º

MNP = 100º

(ii) PMQ = ∠OMN - ∠PMN

= 50º - 40º

= 1

POQ = 2 x PMQ (angle at centre)

= 2 x 10º = 20º

### Question 11b

Find the equation of the line which has the same gradient as 8y + 4x = 24 and passes through the point (-8, 12)

Solution:

8y + 4x = 24

Put the above equation in the form y = mx + c to get gradient (m)

∴ 8y = -4x + 24

divide through by 8

y = $$- \: \frac{1}{2} \scriptsize x \: + \: 3$$

∴ m = $$- \: \frac{1}{2}$$

Hence, the equation of the line at (-8, 12)

$$\scriptsize y \: - \: y_1 = m(x \: - \: x_1)$$

$$\scriptsize y \: - \: 12 = \normalsize - \: \frac{1}{2} \scriptsize (x \: - \: (-8))$$

$$\scriptsize y \: - \: 12 = \normalsize - \: \frac{1}{2}\scriptsize (x \: +\: 8)$$

Multiply both sides by the L.C.M (2)

2y - 24 = -x - 8

2y = -x - 8 + 24

2y = -x + 16

Divide both sides by 2

y = $$- \: \frac{1}{2}\scriptsize \: + \: 8$$

### Question 1a

If A = {multiples of 2}, B = {multiples of 3} and C = {factors of 6} are subsets of μ = {x: 1 ≤ x ≤ 10}, find $$\scriptsize A' \cap B' \cap C'$$

Solution

μ = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}

A = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}

B = {3, 6, 9}

C = {1, 2, 3, 6}

A' = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}

B' = {1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10}

C' = {4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10}

Hence,

:- $$\scriptsize A' \cap B' \cap C'$$

= {1, 3, 5, 7, 9} $$\scriptsize \cap$$ {1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10} $$\scriptsize \cap$$ {4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10}

= {5, 7}

### Question 1b

Tickets for a movie premiere cost $18.50 each while a bulk purchase price for 5 tickets is$80.00. If 4 gentlemen decide to get a fifth person to join them so that they can share the bulk purchase price equally, how much would each person save?

Solution

Retail price for 1 dics = $18.50 Pack of 5 discs =$80.00

Total cost for 5 persons = $18.50 x 5 =$92.50

Amount saved by 5 persons

= $(92.50 - 80) =$12.50

Amount saved by each person =  $$\frac{12.50}{5}$$

= $2.50 Alternative Solution Price for each person = $$\frac{80}{5}$$ =$16.00

Amount saved by each person = $(18.00 - 16.00) =$2.50

### Question 2a

Given that P = $$\left ( \frac{rk}{Q} \: - \: ms\right)^{\frac{2}{3}}$$

(i) Make Q the subject of the relation;

(ii) Find, correct to two decimal places the value of Q when P = 3, m = 15, s = 0.2, k = 4 and r = 10

Solution

(i) $$\scriptsize P = \normalsize \left ( \frac{rk}{Q} \: - \: ms\right)^{\frac{2}{3}}$$

$$\scriptsize P^{\frac{3}{2}} = \normalsize \frac{rk}{Q} \: - \: ms$$

$$\scriptsize P^{\frac{3}{2}} \: - \: ms = \normalsize \frac{rk}{Q}$$

Cross multiply

$$\scriptsize Q \left( P^{\frac{3}{2}} \: + \: ms \right) = rk$$

$$\scriptsize Q = \normalsize \frac{rk}{P^{\frac{3}{2}} \: + \: ms}$$

(ii) Given that k = 4 , m = 15, P = 3, r = 10 and s = 0.2

∴  $$\scriptsize Q = \normalsize \frac{(10)(4)}{3^{\frac{3}{2}} \: + \: (15)(0.2)}$$

= $$\normalsize \frac{40}{\sqrt{3}^{3} \: + \: 3}$$

= $$\normalsize \frac{40}{\sqrt{27} \: + \: 3}$$

= $$\normalsize \frac{40}{5.1962 \: + \: 3}$$

= $$\normalsize \frac{40}{8.192}$$

= 4.8803

= 4.88

### Question 2b

Given that $$\frac{x \: + \: 2y}{5} \scriptsize = x \: - \: 2y$$

find x: y

x + 2y = 5x - 10y

Collect like terms

x - 5x = -10y - 2y

-4x = -12y

Divide both sides by 4

x = 3y

Divide both sides by y

$$\frac{x}{y} = \frac{3}{1}$$

Hence x : y = 3 : 1

### Question 3a

In the diagram, O is the centre of the circle ABCDE, $$\scriptsize \bar{|BC|} = \bar{|CD|}$$ and ∠BCD = 108º. Find ∠CDE

Solution

∠CBD = ∠CDB (Base angles of an iscosceles triangle)

∴ 2∠CBD  + 108º = 180º (Sum of angles in a triangle)

2∠CBD   = 180º -  108º

2∠CBD   = 72º

∠CBD = $$\frac{72}{2}$$

∠CBD = 36º

Also, ∠BDE = 90º

Hence,

∠CDE = ∠CDB + ∠BDE

= 36º + 90º

= 126º

### Question 3b

Given that tan x = √3, $$\scriptsize \; \; \; \; 0^o \leq x \leq 90^o$$

Evaluate $$\frac{(cosx)^2 \: - \: sinx}{(sinx)^2 \: + \: cosx}$$

Solution

tan x = √3 for  $$\scriptsize \; \; \; \; 0^o \leq x \leq 90^o$$

∴ tanx = $$\frac{opp}{adj} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{1}$$

By Pythagoras’ theorem

$$\scriptsize a^2 = ( \sqrt{3})^2 \: + \: 1^2$$

$$\scriptsize a^2 = 3 \: + \: 1$$

$$\scriptsize a^2 = 4$$

$$\scriptsize a = \sqrt{4}$$

$$\scriptsize a = 2$$

∴ sinx = $$\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$$

cosx = $$\frac{1}{2}$$

Substitute sin x & cosx  into

$$\frac{(cosx)^2\: - \: sinx}{(sinx)^2 \: + \: cosx}$$

$$\frac{(\frac{1}{2} )^2 \: - \: \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} }{(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} )^2 \: + \: \frac{1}{2}}$$

= $$\frac{\frac{1}{4} \: - \: \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} }{\frac{3}{4} \: + \: \frac{1}{2}}$$

Finding the L.C.M of the numerator and denominator, we have;

$$\frac{\frac{1 \: - \: 2\sqrt{3}}{4}}{\frac{3 \: + \: 2}{4}}$$

= $$\frac{\frac{1 \: - \: 2\sqrt{3}}{4}}{\frac{5}{4}}$$

Solving the fraction we have

$$\frac{1 \: - \: 2\sqrt{3}}{4} \: \times \: \frac{4}{5}$$

$$\frac{1 \: - \: 2\sqrt{3}}{5}$$

### Question 4a

The total surface area of a cone of slant height 1 cm and base radius r cm is 224𝛑 cm2. If r : l = 2 : 5, find: (a) Correct to one decimal place, the value of r,

Solution:

Ratio of the radius to slant height of a right circular cone is

r : l = 2 : 5

$$\frac{r}{l} = \frac{2}{5}$$

∴ 2l = 5r

l = $$\frac{5r}{2}$$

Total surface area = πr² + πrl

224π = πr(r + l)

224 = $$\scriptsize r \left[ r \: + \: \normalsize \frac{5}{2} \right]$$

224 = $$\scriptsize r \left[ \normalsize \frac{2r \: + \: 5r}{2} \right]$$

224 = $$\scriptsize r \left[ \normalsize \frac{7r}{2} \right]$$

Crosss multiply

224 x 2 = 7r²

448 = 7r²

r² = $$\frac{448}{7}$$

r² = 64

r = √64

r = 8cm

Hence,

Slantheight(l) = $$\frac{5r}{2}$$

= $$\frac{5 \: \times \: 8}{2}$$

= $$\frac{40}{2}$$

= 20cm

### Question 4b

Correct to the nearest whole number, the volume of the cone

Take π = $$\frac{22}{7}$$

Solution

By Pythagoras’ theorem

$$\scriptsize h^2 = 20^2 - 8^2$$

$$\scriptsize h = \sqrt{20^2 - 8^2}$$

$$\scriptsize h = \sqrt{336}$$

$$\scriptsize h = 18.33cm$$

∴vol = $$\frac{1}{3} \scriptsize \: \times \: \pi r^2h$$

= $$\frac{1}{3} \: \times \: \frac{22}{7} \scriptsize \: \times \: 8^2 \: \times \: 18.33$$

= $$\frac{25808.64}{21}$$

Volume = 1228.98

= 1229cm³

### Question 5

A die was rolled a number of times. The outcomes are as shown in the table.

 Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 outcomes 32 m 25 40 28 45

If the probability of obtaining 2 is 0.15, find the:

(a) Value of m;

Solution:

From the table

∑f = 5 + m + 55 + 45 + 25 + 40

= 170 + m

Pr(2) = 0.15

$$\frac{m}{170 \: + \: m} \scriptsize = 0.15$$

m = 0.15(170 + m)

m = 25.5 + 0.15m

Collect like terms

m - 0.15m = 25.5

0.85m = 25.5

m = $$\frac{25.5}{0.85}$$

m = 30

(b) Number of times the die was rolled;

Solution:

Total number of times the die was rolled

= 170 + m

= 170 + 30

= 200

(c) Probability of obtaining an even number

Solution:

Pr(obtain an even number)

= $$\frac{m \: + \: 45 \: + \: 40}{170 \: + \: m}$$

= $$\frac{30 \: + \: 45 \: + \: 40}{170 \: + \: 30}$$

= $$\frac{115}{200}$$

or

0.575

### Question 6a and 6b

(a) Copy and complete the table of values for the relation y = 3sin2x

Solution:

(b) Using a  scale of 2 cm to 15
on the x-axis and 2 cm to 1 unit on the y-axis, draw the graph of y = 3 sin 2x for 0º ≤ x ≤ 150º

### Question 6c

(c) Use the graph to find the truth set of

(i) 3 sin 2x + 2 = 0

3 sin2x + 2 = 0

3 sin2x = -2

∴ y = -2

The truth is x = 111º

(ii) $$\frac{3}{2} \scriptsize sin2x \: = \: 0.25$$

cross multiply

3sin2x = 0.25 x 2

3sin2x = 0.5

∴ y = 0.5

The truth set is x = 4.5 and 85.5

### Question 7a

(a) The diagram shows a wooden structure in the form of a cone, mounted on a hemispherical base. The vertical height of the cone is 48m and the base radius is 14m. Calculate, correct to three significant figures, the surface area of the structure.

Take π = $$\frac{22}{7}$$

Solution

Slant height l is given by

l² = 48² + 14²

l² = 2304 + 196

l² = 2500

l = √2500

= 50m

Hence,

Surface area of the structure

= surface area of cone + surface area of hemisphere

Surface area of the structure

= πrl + 2πr²

= $$\scriptsize = \left ( \frac{22}{7} \scriptsize \: \times \: 14 \: \times \: 50 \right) \: + \: \left (\scriptsize 2 \: \times \: \normalsize \frac{22}{7} \scriptsize \: \times \: 14^2 \right)$$

= 2200 + 1232

= 3432

= 3430m² (3.s.f)

### Question 7b

Five years ago, Musah was twice as old as Sesay’s. If the sum of their ages is 100. Find Sesay’s present age.

Let Sesay's age = x

Musah's age = y

From the first statement,

x + y = 100.........(i)

From the second statement,

y - 5 = 2(x - 5)

y - 5 = 2x - 10

-5 + 10 = 2x - y

5 = 2x - y

∴ 2x - y = 5 - (2)

3x = 105

x = $$\frac{105}{3}$$

x = 35

put x = 35 into (i)

35 + y = 100

y = 100 - 35

y = 65

∴ Sesay's age = x = 35 years

Musah's ae = y = 65 years

Aliter

Let Musah's age = M

M - 5 = 2(100 - M - 5)

M - 5 = 2(95 - M)

M + 2M = 190 + 5

3M = 195

M = $$\frac{195}{3}$$

M = 65

∴ Musah's age = M = 65 years

Sesay's age = 100 - 65 = 35 years

### Question 8a

Ms. Maureen spent $$\frac{1}{4}$$ of her monthly income at a shopping mall. $$\frac{1}{3}$$  at an open market and $$\frac{2}{5}$$ of the remaining amount at a Mechanic workshop. If she had ₦225,000.00 left, find:

(i) her monthly income;

(ii) the amount spent at the open market.

Solution:

(i) Let woman’s monthly income = x

Food = $$\normalsize \frac{1}{4} \scriptsize \: \times \: x = \normalsize \frac{x}{4}$$

Open market = $$\normalsize \frac{1}{3} \scriptsize \: \times \: x = \normalsize \frac{x}{3}$$

The remainder = $$\scriptsize x \: - \: \left( \normalsize \frac{x}{4} \: + \: \frac{x}{3} \right)$$

= $$\scriptsize x \: - \: \normalsize \frac{x}{4} \: + \: \frac{x}{3}$$

= $$\frac{12x \: - \: 3x \: - \: 4x}{12}$$

Remainder = $$\frac{5x}{12}$$

Fraction of the remainder spent at the mechanic workshop

= $$\frac{2}{5} \: \times \: \frac{5x}{12}$$

= $$\frac{x}{6}$$

New remainder = $$\frac{5x}{12} \: - \: \frac{x}{6}$$

=$$\frac{5x \: - \: 2x}{12}$$

=$$\frac{3x}{12}$$

=$$\frac{x}{4}$$

Her monthly income is

$$\frac{x}{4} \scriptsize = 225,000$$

x = ₦225,000 x 4

x = ₦900,000

(ii) Amount spent on the open market

= $$\frac{x}{3}$$

= $$\frac{900,000}{3}$$

= 300,000

### Question 8b

The third term of an Arithmetic Progression (A.P) is 4m - 2n. If the ninth term of the progression is 2m – 8n. Find the common difference in terms of m and n

Solution

$$\scriptsize U_3 = 4m - 2n$$

a + 2d = 4m - 2n ...........(1)

$$\scriptsize U_9 = 2m - 8n$$

a + 8d = 2m - 8n ...........(2)

Subtract equation (2) from (1)

-6d = 2m + 6n

-6d = 2(m + 3n)

Divide both sides by -6

d = $$\frac{-2}{6} \scriptsize (m \: + \: n)$$

d = $$\frac{-1}{3} \scriptsize (m \: + \: n)$$

### Question 9

Two cyclists X and Y leave town Q at the same time. Cyclist X travels at the rate of 5 km h on a bearing of 049ᵒ and cyclist Y travels at a rate of 9 km h on a bearing of 319ᵒ.

(a) Illustrate the information on a diagram.

Solution

(b) After travelling for two hours, calculate correct to the nearest whole number. The:

(i) Distance between cyclists X and Y

(ii) Bearing of cyclists X and Y.

(c) Find the average speed at which cyclist X will get to Y in 4 hours.

Solution:

Using cosine rule we have

|XY|² = |QY|² + |QX|²  - 2|QY| |QX| cos Q

= 9² + 5² - 2(9)(5) cos 90º

= 81 + 25 - 0

|XY| = √106

= 10.296kmh-1

Recall,

Speed = $$\frac{distance}{time}$$

10.296kmh-1  = $$\frac{distance}{2hrs}$$

distance = 10.296 x 2

= 20.592

= 21km

Aliter

Since the diagram is a right angled ΔXYQ

|XY|² = |QY|²  + |QX|²  (pythagoras theorem)

But,

|QY| = 9 x 2 = 18km

|QX| = 5 x 2 = 10km

Hence,

|XY|² = 18² + 10²

|XY| = √424

= 20.591

= 21km

(ii) since, we are dealing with a right-angled ∆XYQ, we can use

ta Y = $$\frac{|QX|}{|QY|} = \frac{10}{18}$$

Y = $$\scriptsize tan^{-1} 0.556$$

Y = 29.06

Hence, the bearing of X from Y

= 180º - (29.06º + 41º)

= 109.94º

=110º

(c) Find the average speed at which cyclist X will get to Y in 4 hours.

Average speed  = $$\frac{distance}{time}$$

= $$\frac{20.59km}{4hr}$$

= 5.148

= 5.15kmh-1

### Question 10

The table shows the distribution of marks obtained by students in an examination

Solution:

 Marks Upper Class Boundary Frequency Cumulative Frequency 0-9 9.5 7 7 10-19 19.5 11 18 20-29 29.5 17 35 30-39 39.5 20 55 40-49 49.5 29 84 50-59 59.5 34 118 60-69 69.5 30 148 70-79 79.5 25 173 80-89 89.5 21 194 90-99 99.5 6 200

(b) Draw the cumulative frequency curve for the distribution.

### Question 11a

In the diagram, MNPQ is a circle with center O, |MN|=|NP| and OMN=50. Find: (i) MNP   (ii) POQ

Solution

NPQ = 180º - 50º (cyclic quadrilateral)

MPQ = 90º (angle in a semi-circle)

MPN = 130º - 90º

MPN = 4

If MPN = 40º, then ∠PMN = 40º (Base angles of an isosceles triangle)

MNP + ∠PMN + ∠MPN =  180º

MNP + 40º + 40º = 180º (Sum of angles in a triangle)

MNP = 180º - (40º + 40º)

MNP = 180º - 80º

MNP = 100º

(ii) PMQ = ∠OMN - ∠PMN

= 50º - 40º

= 1

POQ = 2 x PMQ (angle at centre)

= 2 x 10º = 20º

### Question 11b

Find the equation of the line which has the same gradient as 8y + 4x = 24 and passes through the point (-8, 12)

Solution:

8y + 4x = 24

Put the above equation in the form y = mx + c to get gradient (m)

∴ 8y = -4x + 24

divide through by 8

y = $$- \: \frac{1}{2} \scriptsize x \: + \: 3$$

∴ m = $$- \: \frac{1}{2}$$

Hence, the equation of the line at (-8, 12)

$$\scriptsize y \: - \: y_1 = m(x \: - \: x_1)$$

$$\scriptsize y \: - \: 12 = \normalsize - \: \frac{1}{2} \scriptsize (x \: - \: (-8))$$

$$\scriptsize y \: - \: 12 = \normalsize - \: \frac{1}{2}\scriptsize (x \: +\: 8)$$

Multiply both sides by the L.C.M (2)

2y - 24 = -x - 8

2y = -x - 8 + 24

2y = -x + 16

Divide both sides by 2

y = $$- \: \frac{1}{2}\scriptsize \: + \: 8$$