Topography can be defined as the study of the shape and features of land surfaces. The topography of an area refers to the surface shapes and features on the ground and their arrangement.
For example, topography refers to mountains, valleys, rivers, or craters on the surface.
The origin of topography comes from “topo” for “place” and “graphia” for “writing” or to record.
What is the Difference between Topography and Landscape?
Landscape refers to the visible features of an area of land and it is not specific. Topography on the other hand refers to the form of the landscape—its steepness, shape, and slope aspect (the direction a slope faces).
You can say “The landscape of the Grand Canyon is spectacular, although the topography of the terrain is rugged, with steep canyon sides”.