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WAEC: GOVERNMENT

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Quiz 12 of 16

2019 Government WAEC Theory Past Questions

WAEC: GOVERNMENT 2019 Government WAEC Theory Past Questions

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Question 1

Explain five reasons for the study of government

Answer

Reasons for the study of government;

i. To have knowledge of how the state is managed and governed/Functions of government

ii. To be abreast with national and global political occurrences/development

iii. To be equipped with the basic knowledge of one’s rights and how to defend them when violated

iv. Deepens the understanding of international relations and a state’s commitment to international organizations

v. Create interest for active political participation

vi. Inculcate in citizens the spirit of patriotism/nationalism

vii. To understand the different political systems/types of government with their advantages and disadvantages

viii. Offers opportunity for leadership training

ix. Provides knowledge of the political history of the state

x. Helps provide solutions to socio-political and economic problems by the introduction of programmes and policies and best practices in other political environments.

Question 2

(a) Who is a citizen?

Answer

A citizen is a legal member of the state who enjoys all rights and privileges and owes allegiance to the state

(b) Outline four responsibilities of a citizen to the state

Answer

Responsibilities of a citizen to the state;

i. Obedience to the law of the state

ii. Payment of taxes
iii. Defense of the state against any external attacks and internal insurrection

iv. Vote during election

v. Protection of state/public property

vi. Assist law enforcement agencies in exposing crimes and criminals

vii. Respect for national symbols

viii. To protect and safeguard the environment e.g. communal labour

ix. Performance of service to the state

x. Uphold and protect the good name of the country

Question 3

Highlight five roles played by the mass media in strengthening modern democracy

Answer

Roles played by the mass media in strengthening modern democracy;

i. It serves as an instrument of public education/enlightens the masses

ii. It is an agent of political socialization

iii. It moulds public opinion

iv. It assists the government in policy formulation, implementation, and evaluation

v. Dissemination of information

vi. It keeps the government in check to ensure good governance

vii. It exposes the ills in the society

viii. It provides employment opportunities for the people

ix. To a large extent protects minority interest

x. It mobilizes support for government policies and programmes

Question 4

(a) What is Local Government?

Answer

A Local Government is a sub-government unit created by the central/state government through an act of parliament to administer a local area.

 

(b) Outline four reasons for the creation of Local Government

Answer

Reasons for the creation of Local Government;

i. It is created to bring government closer to the people

ii. It is created to provide certain basic services at the local level

iii. To encourage local participation in governance

iv. To give the local people a sense of belonging

v. To decentralize power from the center

vi. To mobilize human and material resources at the local level for rapid development

vii. To serve as a link between the central government and local areas

viii. To help in the preservation of traditional institutions in the local areas

ix. To make and enforce bye-laws

x. To serve as a training ground for future leaders/politicians

Question 5

(a) State three types of elections

Answer

i. Direct election

ii. Indirect election/electoral college system

iii. Bye-election

iv. General election

v. Staggered election

vi. Primary election

vii. Supplementary/inconclusive election

viii. Re-run election

ix. Run-off/second ballot

 

(b) Explain four purposes elections serve in a democratic state

Answer

i. Choice/selection of leadership

ii. Confers legitimacy on government/officeholders

iii. Promotion of accountability and transparency in governance

iv. Promotes political education through campaign

v. It serves as an index to measure the popularity of both party and candidates

vi. Promotion of political participation

vii. Ensure the smooth transfer of political power/change of government

viii. It ensures competition between or among political parties

ix. It helps to ensure the level of citizen’s political commitment to the political system

x. Election helps to promote a sense of belonging

Question 6

(a) List three pre-independence constitutions in Nigeria

Answer

i. Clifford Constitution 1922
ii. Rchards’ Constitution 1946
iii. Macpherson Constitution 1951
iv. Lyttleton Constitution 1954

 

(b) Identify four features of the 1960 Independence Constitution of Nigeria

Answer

i. It provides for a Bicameral legislature made up of the Senate and House of Representatives

ii. It made provision for citizenship in Nigeria

iii. It granted emergency powers to the central government

iv. It provided for a parliamentary system of government

v. It made provision for the protection of fundamental human rights and freedom

vi. It granted the federal Supreme Court the power of judicial review

vii. It created the Judicial Service Commission with the power to appoint judges

viii. All residual powers are placed in the hands of the region

ix. It provided for the position of Governor-General who represented the Queen of England and the Prime Minister

x. It stated the basis for revenue allocation

Question 7

(a) State two problems confronting Nigerian federalism

Answer

i. Problem of an acceptable revenue allocation formula

ii. Over concentration of powers at the centre

iii. Ethnicity and tribalism

iv. Fear of the majority domination

v. Threat to national unity/integration

vi. Threat of secession

vii. The problem of power rotation/Problem of power-sharing

viii. Improper application of federal character principle

ix. Mutual mistrust/suspicion among the various ethnic groups

x. Unresolved census crises

 

(b) Highlight three features of Nigerian federalism

Answer

i. Division of power between the centre and component units

ii. Existence of a written and rigid constitution

iii. Supremacy of the constitution

iv. Existence of a Bicameral legislature at the centre and Unicameral legislature at the component units

v. Existence of a Supreme Court

vi. Centralised Police Force

vii. The adoption of the federal character principle

viii. Decentralization of public and judicial services

ix. Provision for a multi-party system

Question 8

(a) List three key members of the Nigerian Youth Movement (NYM)

Answer

i. H. O. Davies
ii. Ernest Okoli
iii. J. C. Vaughan
iv. Samuel Akinsanya
v. Kofi Abayomi
vi. Akinola Maja
vii. Nnamdi Azikiwe
viii. Mobolaji Bank Anthony
ix. Jubril Martins
x. Obafemi Awolowo
xi. Duro Emmanuel
xii. S. O. Shonibare
xiii. Eyo Ita
xiv. S. L. Akintola

(b) Highlight four achievements of the Nigerian Youth Movement (NYM) in the political development of Nigeria

Answer

i. The movement won all the three legislative seats allocated to Lagos in 1938

ii. It led to the struggle for national unity and political independence

iii. It helped to put pressure on the colonial government to speed up the constitutional development and independence of Nigeria

iv. The movement established a newspaper called Daily Service to create political awareness among the people of Nigeria

v. It fought for equality of opportunities for all Nigerians

vi. It fought for the introduction of universal adult suffrage in Nigeria

vii. It was the first multi-ethnic political party that brought together people of different ethnic groups in Nigeria.

viii. The Movement nurtured early Nigeria nationalists who helped in the struggle for independence

ix. It fought against economic exploitation by European firms

Question 9

(a) What is the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD)?

Answer

NEPAD is a vision and strategic framework for the socio-economic and political development of Africa.

 

(b) Identify four objectives of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD)

Answer

i. A commitment to good governance as a pre-condition for economic growth

ii. Eradication of poverty from the African continent within a stipulated time

iii. Strengthening democracy and the Rule of Law in Africa

iv. Achieving peace, security, and stability in Africa

v. Acceleration of the empowerment of women in African countries so as to ensure gender equality

vi. To make Africa attractive to both domestic and foreign investors

vii. Reduction of corruption in Africa

viii. To halt the marginalization of Africa in the globalization process

ix. To increase investment in human resource development

x. The enhancement of the standard of living of the people of Africa

Question 10

(a) List three contributions of the National Congress of British West Africa (NCBWA) to the nationalist struggle

Answer

i. Brought the four British West African territories together to fight for self-government

ii. It sent a delegation to London to press home demands for certain key reforms in their respective territories

iii. The Congress awakened the political consciousness of the people through newspaper publications, seminars, public/town hall meetings

iv. It demanded and fought for electoral reforms/elective principle

v. Demanded the Africanization of the Civil Service

vi. Demanded and fought for the establishment of universities in member territories

vii. It fought for the formation of a West African House of Assembly

viii. It called for the reduction of the exploitation, domination/monopolization of the economies of the British West African territories by expatriates

ix. It demanded for the appointment of African judges and magistrates

x. They demanded for the establishment of the African Court of Appeal

 

(b) identify four contributions of Nnamdi Azikiwe to the nationalist struggle of Nigeria.

Answer

i. He founded different newspapers to help propagate nationalism in Nigeria

ii. Zik group established these newspapers in political and economically important cities throughout the country to whip up the interest and enthusiasm of the populace as well as the direction of the independent struggle

iii. He co-founded the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC) which played an active role in the struggle for Nigeria’s independence

iv. Zik’s opposition to Richard’s constitution of 1946 which sought to increase only by four, African representations on the Legislative Council with the rest being nominated by the government

v. His opposition to the Richard’s constitution led to the promulgation of the Macpherson Constitution

vi. He toured the country to raise funds to lead a delegation to London and the U.S.A to plead the case of his party for self-government for Nigeria

vii. He gave his support to the general strike in 1945

viii. He influenced nationalist struggle through the publication of several books e.g. Development of political parties in Nigeria 1958; Economic restructure in Nigeria 1943
ix. As a member of Parliament 1947-1950, he joined others to ensure that Nigeria gained self-government

x. He joined the Nigeria Youth movement (NYM) with others to open the floodgate for nationalism in Nigeria

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