Interactions among the Components of Agro-Ecosystem in Some Settings

The biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem lead to the formation of a stable community, and this can be examined under the following headings:

1. Mono-Cropping or Sole-Cropping:

This is a system of cropping where one type of crop is grown on a farm, year after year on the same land.

The interaction between Biotic and Abiotic Factors in the Mono-Cropping Environment:

• Crop plants absorb nutrients from the soil.
• Crop plants also absorb water to grow and produce fruits.
• Crop plants release oxygen to the atmosphere during respiration.
• Crop plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air to carry out photosynthesisPhotosynthesis is the process by which green plants, and some algae and bacteria, convert the energy of sunlight into chemical energy. This energy is then used to synthesize carbohydrates such as... More in the soil.

Some organisms in the soil like rodents, and earthworms also aid water percolationPercolation is the downward movement of water through soil layers due to gravity and capillary forces. More.

2. Mixed Cropping System:

Mixed Cropping is the growing of two or more crops on the same piece of land at the same time (simultaneously) during the same season. Maize, Cassava and Cowpea can be cultivated together.