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SS1: AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE - 1ST TERM

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  1. Meaning and Importance of Agriculture | Week 1
    3 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  2. Problems of Agricultural Development and Possible Solutions | Week 2
    1 Topic
    |
    1 Quiz
  3. Meaning and Differences between Subsistence and Commercial Agriculture | Week 3
    4 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  4. Roles of Government in Agriculture Development | Week 4
    3 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  5. Roles of Non-Governmental Organizations in Agricultural Development | Week 5
    5 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  6. Agricultural Laws and Reforms | Week 6
    4 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  7. Meaning and Importance of Agricultural Ecology | Week 7
    7 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz
  8. Land and its Uses | Week 8
    5 Topics
    |
    1 Quiz

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Topic Content:

  • Problems and Solutions of Agricultural Development in Nigeria
  • Evaluation Questions

1. Land Tenure System:

Land tenure simply means the ways of acquiring land in the society. In Nigeria, most land is owned through inheritance which leads to land fragmentation and cannot be pledged, sold or used as collateral by an individual. Population growth also affects the availability of ...

 

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Evaluation Questions:

1. State ten problems of agricultural development in Nigeria.

Answer:

Problems of agricultural development in Nigeria

  1. Land tenure system
  2. Inadequate finance or credit
  3. Inadequate basic amenities
  4. Inconsistent government policies on agriculture
  5. Unfavourable climatic condition
  6. Inadequate agricultural education and extension
  7. Poor marketing system
  8. Problems of pests and diseases
  9. Environmental degradation
  10. Inadequate farm inputs
  11. Poor transportation network
  12. Rural-urban migration
  13. Inadequate storage and processing facilities
  14. Inadequate tools and machinery

 

2. Discuss five of the state problems.

Answer:

(i) Land Tenure System

It implies the ways of acquiring land in the society. In Nigeria, most land is owned through inheritance which leads to land fragmentation.

(ii) Inadequate Finance or Credit

Most peasant farmers do not have the capital to acquire land, improved breeds of plants, animals and equipment. Farmers also find it difficult to access bank loans because of a lack of collateral securities.

(iii) Inadequate Basic Amenities

Lack of basic amenities like electricity, pipe borne-water and proper health care makes able-bodied men and youths migrate rural to urban areas in search of jobs.

(iv) Inconsistent Government Policies on Agriculture

Government policies and programmes are not stable, as a result of changes in government and do not favour the small scale farmers.

(v) Unfavourable Climatic Conditions

Drought or long seizure of rain will lead to low output. Excess rainfall or flood also reduce the photosynthetic ability of plants. Excessive sunshine caused abnormal temperatures for crops.

 

3. Suggest possible solutions to the problems discussed above.

Answer:

Possible Solutions:

(i) Land Tenure System

Farmers should form co-operative societies for easy allocation of land

The land use Decree of 1978 should be fully implemented to allow individuals to own landed property and use them for agricultural projects without any embarrassment from the government.

(ii) Inadequate finance or credit

  1. Farmers should form cooperative societies for easy procurement of loans from commercial banks and other financial institutions.
  2. Government should provide agricultural loan facilities through Agricultural and cooperative banks at low-interest rates.

(iii) Inadequate Basic Amenities

  1. Provision of electricity in the rural areas
  2. Provision of portable and drinkable water.

(iv) Inconsistent Government Policies on Agriculture

Government should formulate policies that will favour actual farmers.

All policies on agriculture should be fully implemented.

(v) Unfavourable Climatic Conditions

  1. Teaching farmers new innovations in agriculture.
  2. Afforestation is highly important to conserve soil and water.

 

4. Explain briefly how the following affect agricultural production:

(i) Agricultural Extension and education

Answer:

The rural farmers are largely non-literate, lack agricultural education and are hardly reached by extension agents with agricultural innovations.

Farmers are culture-bound and this does not permit easy adoption of agricultural innovations which leads to low productivity.

 

(ii) Environmental degradation

Answer:

Degradation of soil is due to poor soil conservation and management practices adopted by farmers. The soils are exposed to erosion, leaching of soil nutrients resulting in the decline of soil fertility. Therefore, the output produced will be reduced to a minimal level.

 

5. (a) Discuss the effects of rural – urban migration on agricultural production.

Answer:

  • It leads to decreased production.
  • Encourages scarcity of labour and results in high labour cost.
  • It leads to poor adoption of agricultural innovations.

 

(b) State appropriate remedies.

Answer:

  • Provision of Social Amenities
  • Training of People on modern farming practices
  • Provision of incentives to farmers in the rural areas.
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