Topic Content:
- Meaning of RAM
- The Problem with RAM
- Types of RAM
- Key Characteristics of RAM

What is Random Access Memory (RAM)?
The RAM is that part of the main memory, which holds the programs and instructions we type into the computer for processing. CPU uses these instructions to perform the tasks required to run the computer.
It is also called Read and Write memory. This means that we can access the information in it, and also be able to change them. RAM is bigger than ROM in size.
The Problem with RAM:
One problem with the RAM is that it is volatile memory which means it can’t store data and instructions permanently. Information and programs usually held in the computer disappear when you switch off your computer, or when there is a power failure.
The reason for transferring the data to RAM is that it is easy and fast to read data from RAM as compared to reading it from the hard drive.
Types of RAM:
The different types of RAM include:
1. DRAM: Dynamic Random Access Memory has memory cells, with a paired transistor and capacitor requiring constant refreshing.
Every single bit of data is stored separately in a capacitor using an integrated circuit.

2. SRAM: Static Random Access Memory uses multiple transistors, typically four to six, for each memory cell, but does not have a capacitor in each cell. It is used primarily for the cache.

3. SDRAM: Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory takes advantage of the burst mode concept, to greatly improve performance. It does this by staying on the row containing the requested bit, and moving rapidly through the columns, reading each bit as it goes. The idea is that most of the time, the data needed by the CPU will be in sequence. SDRAM is fast and is the most common form of RAM in desktops today. The maximum transfer rate to the L2 cache is approximately 528 MBps.
4. DDR SDRAM: Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory is a type of random-access memory module, that allows for higher transfer rates and faster performance, compared to earlier RAM modules.

Characteristics of RAM:
Here are some key characteristics of RAM:
- Volatility: RAM is a volatile memory that loses the data stored in it when the power is turned off. To maintain power it needs constant power.
- Speed: It is easy and fast to read data from RAM
- Read and Write Operations: Read and write operations are supported by RAM. It permits the reading and writing of data to and from its storage cells.
- Storage Capacity: RAM has a bigger storage capacity than other forms of memory. The storage capacity ranges from 1 to 256 GB.
- Temporary Storage: RAM is a temporary storage location for data and program instructions. It contains the data that the processor is presently working on. The information saved in RAM is deleted whenever the power is switched off.