Common Laboratory Apparatuses and their Uses

Theory Question 1

Answer:

(a) A Scientific law is a statement that describes experimental facts e.g. experiment has proven that all gases are compressible.

(b) A Theory is an idea that suggests explaining an experimental fact i.e. it has been proven.

While

 A hypothesis is an idea in its testing stage i.e. it has not yet been proven.

(c)

(i) Hospital:

1. Drugs are products of Chemistry
2. Surgical equipment is available from chemical research and technology.
3. Blood from blood donors (to blood deficient patients) is a product of chemistry

(ii) Agriculture:

1. Agricultural implements are available as a result of inventions in chemistry
2. The use of fertilizers, insecticides, and herbicides has helped to increase food production.
3. The process of genetic engineering (used in the production of hybrid crops and more nutritious agricultural products) is a result of chemical research.

(iii) Military:

1. Chemistry has contributed to the discovery of explosives used by the military.
2. Also, the production of bullet-proof shields is a result of chemical research.
3. Military vehicles and fuels for military vehicles are a product of chemistry.

Theory Question 2

Answers:

a.

(i) Drug abuse is the use of illegal drugs or the use of prescription or over-the-counter drugs, for purposes other than those for which they are intended to be used.

(ii) A weakened immune system; thereby increasing the risk of illness and disorders.

b. (i) Pollution (ii) Drug abuse (iii) corrosionIn chemistry, corrosion is defined as a natural process that causes the transformation of pure metals into undesirable substances when they react with substances like water or air. This reaction causes... More

c. (i) Biochemistry (ii) Industrial Chemistry

(iii) Medicine (iv) Laboratory science and technology

Theory Question 3

3a (i) Beaker (ii) Measuring cylinder (iii) Funnel (iv) Petri dish

3(b) 

Beaker: A container made of glass or plastic. Glass beakers are used for indirect heating of chemicals and water

Funnel: It is used to hold filter paper during filtration

Measuring Cylinder: It is used to measure the accurate volume of liquids

Petri dish: It is used to observe chemical reactions and hold specimens for observation

Theory Question 4

Answer:

a. Spatula
b. Measuring cylinder
c. Mortar and pestle
d. Dropper
e. Petri dish